Corporate Strategy and Portfolio Analysis - 2200 Words

Corporate Strategy and Portfolio Analysis (Coursework Sample) Content: CORPORATE STRATEGY AND PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS OF GENERAL ELECTRICBy:Course:Instructor:School:City: Date:CORPORATE STRATEGY AND PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS OF GENERAL ELECTRICMethod to Map General Electrics Business Portfolio:The method to map General Electrics business portfolio can be carried out as follows (Koller, Goedhert, Wissels 2010, p. 422):The current market value of General Electric is $274.34 Billion (Yahoo Finance 2015).General Electric Current Situation is as follows (MarketWatch 2015);SalesEBITARevenue GrowthROICDCF Value of Business Plans$'Millions$'Millions%%$' MillionsAppliances for business 45,852  22,467  9  25  34,389 Aviation 21,214  10,395  6  24  15,911 Capital 14,463  7,087  15  12  10,847 Consumer Electronics 1,248  612  8  14  936 Critical Power 4,582  2,245  5  12  3,437 Power Project Consulting 12,423  6,087  12  9  9,317 Energy Management 7,825  3,834  9  9  5,869 Appliances for consumers 9,542  4,676  4  13  7,157 Health Care 6,425  3,148  6  10  4,819 Home Improvement 4,865  2,384  18  14  3,649 House Wares 4,568  2,238  4  21  3,426 Industrial Solutions 4,587  2,248  7  25  3,440 Intelligent Platforms 4,652  2,279  8  17  3,489 Lighting for business 14,712  7,209  5  29  11,034 Lighting for consumers 12,457  6,104  13  24  9,343 Mining 9,845  4,824  8  18  7,384 Oil and Gas 8,975  4,398  6  16  6,731 Personal Healthcare 3,515  1,722  4  13  2,636 Power and Water 4,587  2,248  12  9  3,440 Power conservation 6,458  3,164  14  22  4,844 Power Economics 4,582  2,245  5  18  3,437 Power Systems Operations and Planning 4,632  2,270  7  12  3,474 Power Systems Software Products 4,582  2,245  6  31  3,437 Software Transportation 5,891  2,887  8  16  4,418 Total 222,482  109,016  166,862 Debt (53,254)Equity Value 113,608 Less: Stock Market Value (77,125)Value Gap 36,483 Percent of Stock Market Value32%General Electric statement of cash floes for the 4 quarters of 2014 is as follows (Amigobulls 2015):Cash Flows2014-Forth Quarter2014-Third Quarter2014-Second Quarter2014-First QuarterGeneral Electric Net Income Cash Flow15.35B10.01B6.5B2.95BDepreciation Depletion Amortization Cash-Flow9.28B7B4.5B2.28BNet Increase (Decrease) in Assets Liabilities998M-2.82B942M680MCash From (used in) Discontinued Operations307M107M-116M-15MOther Adjustments Net1.78B1.95B-1.61B-931MGeneral Electric Net Cash from (used by) Operating Activities27.71B16.25B10.21B4.96BIncrease (Decrease) in Prop Plant And Equipment-7.47B-4.79B-3.71B-2.17BAcquisition Disposition of Subsidiaries543M-1.25B-1.29B-1.2BIncrease (Decrease) in Investments-4.27B849M2.89B3.17BOther Cash Inflow (Outflow) from Investment Activities6.16B3.27B1.99B1.99BGeneral Electric Net Cash from (used by) Investment Activities-5.03B-1.92B-118M1.79BIssuance (Purchase) of Equity Shares1.62B1.48B-1.38B-1.34BIssuance (Repayment) of Debt Securities-15.83B-8.49 B-7.59B-2.83BIncrease (Decrease) in Bank Other Borrowings7.17B3.05B1.14B-2.16BPayment of Dividends Other Cash Distributions-8.85B-6.64B-4.43B-2.22BOther Cash from (used by) Financing Activities-1.07B-472M-102M40MGeneral Electric Net Cash from (used by) Financing Activities-16.96B-11.08B-12.37B-8.5BEffect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash-3.49B-1.36B196M73MGeneral Electric Net Change in Cash Cash Equivalents2.23B1.89B-2.08B-1.68BCash Equivalents at Beginning of Year88.79B77.46B84.62B79.09BCash Equivalents at Year End91.02B90.67B86.71B87.11BFrom the table of current situation and the 2014 quarterly cash flow statement, the value gap is $36,483,000,000 representing 32% of the stock market value, which shows that the investors and the managers of general electric have different perspectives on the companys value (Cravens Piercy 2008, p. 51). The value opportunities that General Electric can use to improve its internal operations include increasing its capital efficiency, accelerating the areas of the company that generate core revenue such as appliances for business, consumer electronics, and power project consulting among others, and increasing their margins (Hollensen 2015, p. 121).Some of General Electrics businesses such as personal health care, oil and gas, and mining among others should be divested since they are not in line with the core business of the company. Divesting such businesses will give room for the company to concentrate on its core businesses, which will help in generating more revenue and increasing the companys competitive advantage (Wilson Gilligan 2012).General Electrics potential acquisitions and other initiatives that can create new growth for the company include acquiring smaller companies in the industry such as Danaher Corporation, Eaton Corporation, and SMC Corporation among others. This initiative can help the company increase their market share, which will give th em a competitive edge over the main competitors.General electric can also increase its values by increasing its number of shares through stock split. This will have an effect on its capital structure since the stock price will reduce, which will attract more investors to the company and raise more capital for financing the companys investing activities, operating activities, and financing activities (Hutt Speh 2012.).The Areas of key Competence and the type of Corporate Strategy Pursued by General Electric:A value chain analysis of General Electric covers the inbound logistics, which covers the receiving, storing, and distribution of raw materials, operations, which covers the process of coming up with the companys finished products, outbound logistics, which covers the storing and distribution of the finished company products, marketing, which covers the generation of sales and identification of customer needs, and service, which covers customer after sale support (Lee Carter 201 1).In terms of inbound logistics, General Electric can come up with a strategy to develop an infrastructure that makes the receiving, storing, and distribution of raw materials easy. This can be done by coming up with an organizational culture that has control systems that enables raw materials to be received, stored, and distributed effectively in the company such that there is no loss of raw materials or wastages that can result to losses (Foxall 2014, p. 63). The company should also ensure that the right procurement procedures are followed by developing and organizational culture and organizational structure that caters for procurement of supplies and materials (Mudie Pirrie 2012). This will also ensure that the company avoids wastages and unnecessary losses that come about as a result of poor procurement procedures.In terms of operations, General Electric can utilize their human resources effectively in order to achieve the required output. This can be achieved by hiring the ri ght human resources in the different departments, training the available human resources on different competencies that can improve performance, and compensating the available human resources appropriately for motivation (Bickhoff, Hollensen, Opresnik 2014, p.11). The company should also ensure that there is the right infrastructure in terms of organizational culture and organizational structure that supports high performance. Technology can also be useful in ensuing that systems are in place since General Electric operates in a technology based industry. The company should ensure that they utilize the latest trends in the industry that support high productivity.In terms of out-bound logistics, the company should ensure that the storing and distribution of the finished company products is effective by using the right human resources, technology, and setting an infrastructure that supports effectiveness in outbound logistics (Chernev 2014). This can be done by ensuring that the ware houses and distribution channels in the company are effective in order to avoid wastages and unnecessary losses.In terms of marketing, which covers the generation of sales and identification of customer needs, General Electric should enhance its marketing campaigns in order to reach more target customers since there is increasing competition in the electrical industry especially from companies from China (Penaloza, Toulouse, Visconti 2013). The company should focus on quality and meeting customer needs since it is well known for producing quality products. The company should also utilize different marketing techniques such as promotions and extensive advertising in different media to reach more target customers.In terms service, which covers customer after sale support, General Electric should en...

Factors Associated With School Refusal And Types Of Non-Attendance - 825 Words

Factors Associated With School Refusal And Types Of Non-Attendance (Essay Sample) Content: Developmental PsychopathologyStudents NameInstitutionDevelopmental psychopathologyFor a student to have a good performance in their academics they should have consistent school attendance. School non-attendance does not only lead to poor performance for a student but also can lead to series of more problems such as school dropout, unemployment in the future and also mental health problems.(Havik et al, 2015)There are several factors which lead to school refusal and also non-attendance. This paper will discuss the school factors associated with school refusal and truancy-related reasons for school non-attendance.One of the factors which may lead to school refusal and truancy-related reasons for school non-attendance is difficult to peer relationships at school. Most students who do not attend their classes regularly have problems with their social life while in school. This includes making and keeping friends at schools and this makes them feel lonely. Most students wh o do not have friends may end up being bullied and this may lead to school refusal. According to the research done, it was found that bullying was a major reason why most students opted not to attend schools. However according to the research bullying was a major reason for school refusal among the primary school students as compared to the secondary school students. .(Havik et al, 2015).Bullying also was a major reason for school reason and was considered to be a minor risk for truancy; this, therefore, means that there is the need for schools to understand the difference between the two in order to provide the best anti-bullying measures. The research also showed that social isolation is a contributing factor for school refusal in secondary school students than in primary school students. .(Havik et al, 2015). This is due to the fact that most secondary school students are at the stage of adolescence and therefore being left out by their fellow age mates will be a big problem to t hem hence affecting them negatively.Teachers classroom management is also another factor related to school refusal and school non-attendance. Teachers usually play a very big role in developing the relationships between their students and also they should be able to give individual students the required support. .(Havik et al, 2015). A well-managed classroom is known to promote a good relationship between the students and also can prevent bullying. When the teachers create a good relationship among the students, this can motivate them to attend their classes as no student is left out during the classroom activities. Also by creating a good relationship between the teachers and the students may lead to reduced stress and negative emotions among the students which may be some of the reasons for school refusal.School engagements can lead to increased stress among the students and therefore teachers support to the students may be very important in helping them reduce this type of stress . This because such direct relationship increases the level of trust between the students and the teachers and therefore the students will be willing to explain or share their problems with their teachers other than keeping them to themselves. Research shows that bad relationship between the students and teachers while in school may cause an anti-school attitude and this can lead to the students skipping school. .(Havik et al, 2015).Also, individual and family factors may be a cause of school refusal and truancy-related reasons for school non-attendance. Emotional instability among people can be associated with negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, and depression. .(Havik et al, 2015). If a student is not emotionally stable they may be at a high risk for school refusal. This is because these instabilities may give the student a negative perception about school activities. How a parent is involved in their childrens school performance determines the achievement of the students in school.Therefore if a student gets the family support they are likely to have a positive feeling about their school as compared to those who do not get any support any support from their families. A...

Organizational Communication An Organization - 4658 Words

Organizational Communication Prespectives YourFirstName YourLastName University title INTRODUCTION Organizational Communication Perspectives Organizational communication perspectives refer to the different approaches to evaluating the interactions between individuals working in an organization. The criteria apply to horizontal, lateral and vertical communication. Organizational communication perspectives describe and illustrate the flow of information in an organization. Through the various organizational communication perspectives, an organization understands and both the internal and external communication environment. This essay shall cover the three types of communication and show how the Four Seasons Hotel can apply them. Moreover, the theories of management shall be discussed in lieu to organizational communication in the Four Seasons Hotel. The Four Seasons Hotel is a Canadian-based company and has been in operation for over five decades. The organization has since expanded and extended operations to close to one hundred hotels spread all over the world. The Four Seasons Hotel is dominant in the hospitality industry due to its beliefs and principles that guide its service delivery. In 2011, the hotel introduced an innovative organizational structure in effort to adapt to the changing global hospitality industry. In addition, the new management structure seeks to improve communication in the organization. Management theories aid in boosting theShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Communication : An Organization1591 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The way in which individuals in an organization communicate with each other is what organizational communication is referred as in the simplest of terms. However, a little more precisely in terms of organizational communication as a field, it is defined as the consideration, study, and the censure of communication. Therefore, it would be safe to say organizational communication is not merely the transfer of a message from one party to another but it is also an element which shapes upRead MoreOrganizational Communication : An Organization1823 Words   |  8 PagesOriginally I believed Organizational Communication to be simply about the sending of and receiving of messages effectively to accomplish a common goal within organizations. I was aware of the variety of methods organizations used to transmit messages; oral, written, and face-to face. 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ThoseRead MoreOrganizational Communication : An Organization2549 Words   |  11 PagesOrganizational Communications Organizational pollution is the process by which tasks and activities of a company or an organization are collected and coordinated in such a way that it will enhance the attainment of goals the collective group and an individual (Katherine Miller. 1999). It’s a component of effective management in a working environment. Organizational communication is a field of its own whereby it considers, analyzes, and criticizes on the role and responsibility of communication fromRead MoreThe Importance of Communication in Implementing Organizational Change: a Review of the Literature for Information Organizations2917 Words   |  12 PagesThe importance of communication in implementing organizational change: a review of the literature for information organizations Kelly M. Gordon San Jose State University School of Library and Information Science Foundations Workers at all levels of an organization, be they CEOs, middle managers, or entry-level staff, recognize that change is inevitable. However, the successful implementation of organizational change in response to changes in an organization’s external environment canRead MoreThe Definition Of Organizational Communication774 Words   |  4 PagesOver the years, the definition of organizational communication has been a highly-debated and complex facet of the scholarship. Researchers have placed a key importance on relationships between people within the organization and how the organization structures itself as a whole. Organizations are communicative, asserting the need of communication to help constitute the organization itself. Organizational communication has been defined as â€Å"the substance of organizing in the sense that through discursiveRead MoreHistory of Organizational Communication1537 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Field Reflection Paper | What is organizational communication? As a field organizational communication studies exactly what it sounds like the communication in organization. Defining the particulars of this often comes down to the researcher and the perspective that skew their opinions on the field. These subtle differences are why it takes Papa, Daniels and Spiker almost 16 pages to express their definition of their field of study. The organizational experiences of an individual have a hugeRead MoreOrganizational Trends: Increasing Productivity With Communication1383 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL TRENDS: INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY WITH COMMUNICATION Organizational Trends: Increasing Productivity with Communication Organizational Trends: Increasing Productivity with Communication Organizational studies continues to gain respect and compel attention within many professional communities, include the business community. A trend in organizational behavior that will impact businesses for the next decade is how communication relates to productivity. The 21st centuryRead MoreHow Strategic Ambiguity Is Used To Create Favorable Impressions1123 Words   |  5 PagesHow strategic ambiguity is used to create favorable impressions organizational policies First, the present uncertainty definition is a straight outcome of relative perception of meaning. Being a strategy in Organizational Communication outlook, ambiguity remains essential to some consistent observation. Perception, Language as well as knowledge are wholly symbiotic. The reality experience if it is due to language, perception, memory, or something else, is a product of skipping outside the providedRead MoreThe School Of Public And Environmental Affairs1568 Words   |  7 Pagescontinuous occurrence throughout the growth of organizations and their success can be correlated with how adaptable the organization is to these changes. SPEA’s current organizational structure is not working effectively, so in order to remedy this problem, we must change the organizational structure within SPEA. I have created a plan that will solve the communication problems within SPEA while simultaneously enhancing the structure and culture of the organization. The School of Public and Environmental

The Effects of the Industrialization Revolution - 587 Words

The Industrial Revolution could possibly be the most important event in the history of our world. Before it, people worked mostly on farms or sold things through the market that were hand crafted. This revolution brought about great change in the ways that we produce goods and the economies of the world. While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because of the rough working and living conditions, it was actually a positive thing for society. Industrialization’s positive effects were an increased standard of living, better means of travel, and more developed countries with better economies. Though many people know that the working conditions were not particularly great, not all factories were hard on the workers. In an excerpt from a letter written by a young girl working in a textile factory in Lowell, Massachusetts it is stated that she has sufficient food and a good place to sleep. Mary Paul clearly states, to her father, that she enjoys where she works. â€Å"I think that the factory is the best place for me and if any girl wants employment, I advise them to come to Lowell.† (Paul, 1846) She says she likes where she works and she likes her boss. This just shows that not all conditions were bad. Some, as a matter of fact, were very good. These good conditions set a basis for other factory workers to compare their working conditions to. They eventually fought for the right to better conditions which then increased the standardsShow MoreRelatedRussia and Latin Americas Responses to Industrialization Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesand Latin America responded si milarly to industrialization in the formation of a growing middle class, in a â€Å"boom† in exports and new economic ties, in urbanization, and in similar acts of revolutionary disobedience against a dictator. Latin America, as a result of industrialization, created a small market for manufactured goods unlike Russia’s vast industrial market powered by foreign investments. Also, there were long-term effects to Russia’s revolution in which a socialist political party wasRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Essay595 Words   |  3 PagesThe Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution is a term usually applied to the social and economic changes that mark the transition from a stable agricultural and commercial society, to a modern industrial society relying on complex machinery rather than tools. There have been numerous debates to the use of this term because the word revolution suggests sudden, violent, unparalleled change. Even though there was an unparalleled change in the world, it was by no means sudden norRead MoreThere are many periods in time that have been crucial in the development of human ideals and1300 Words   |  6 Pages1850’s. 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While it is undeniable the Industrial Revolution and all of its technological advances helped the RepublicRead MoreModern Day Economic Conditions During The Industrial Revolution875 Words   |  4 Pageswere industrializing, China most closely resembles Britain as it entered into the industrial revolution. Today, China is one of the fastest growing industrializing economies in the world (GDP growth rate ~8%) and can credit this to their shift from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy, their abundance of natural resources, cheap labor, and rapid urbanization. A common underpinning for industrialization in 18th century Britain and modern day China is that both took advantage of a large abundanceRead MoreSecond Industrial Revolution1000 Words   |  4 PagesSecond US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 Darris Adkins Abstract In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected the United States and two developments that negatively affected the United States will be discussed. An analysis of whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of Americans and the history of the United States will be outlined. Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 In this briefRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Essay example1295 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the world. 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The paper will focus on theRead MoreThe Invention Of The First Industrial Revolution1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe First Industrial Revolution Envision living in a society dominated by factories that just recently transformed from arable land and farms. Imagine constantly hearing about brand new inventions and ideas that were deemed impossible only a few years ago. Visualize working long hours in cramped factories, in exchange for low pay and contagious diseases. For some people that lived during the age of industrialization, this was their reality of life. During the 18th and 19th century, the world wasRead MoreIndustrialization After the Civil War Research Paper1321 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1.2: Research Paper Industrialization after the Civil War Shana Dukes History 105 Professor Tracey M. Biagas February 3. 2014 Introduction Industrialization after the Civil War was a period where Industrial city were being built, there were jobs for people and the political aspect was having corruption. In this paper the main points in this paper discussed the major aspects of the Industrialization Revolution, such as groups that were affected by the Industrial society,

My Understanding Of Nga Takepu Essay - 1216 Words

In this assessment I am going to identify and explain some of the Nga Takepu principle that I would practice when engaging in respectfully relationship with people of diverse cultures. I believe Nga Takepu principles are the foundation to engaging respectfully with relationships in almost and nearly every ethnic culture. Though Nga takepu is a Maori Kaupapa but most ethnic culture has similar terminology that relates to terms of their meaning and use. Ata Haere the key Nga Takepu principles that I would identify and explain. I also like to compare this takepa to the Fijian ethnicity Culture practice of Veidoka. This is the Fijian word that I relate closely to Ata – haere which I will explain to show my understanding of Nga Takepu in my culture. According to the Akonga handbook, Nga takepu are applied principles that are informed by Maori world view and Maori practice. They are applied to a range of Kaupapa (issues) when dealing or engaging with oneself, Whanau or others in the community and even with other cultures. They are sentinels that mark the deliberate use of Maori knowledge, rationales and application that are used in Te Tohu Paetahi Nga Poutoko Whakarara Oranga (Bachelor of Social) programme to inform the social work theory and practice.As applied principles, Takepu informs us the Akonga of how to be professional social worker. They also indicate how to live our lives, behave and engage with people of diverse cultures as we pursue our own and others’ aspiration

Janie Mae Crawford s Their Eyes Were Watching God

â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† is a story of Janie Mae Crawford, an African- American woman who went through a lot of tough experiences in her life. Janie’s mother was absent from her life and her grandmother raised her. Although Janie’s grandmother’s intention was good in order to protect Janie, she forced Janie to marry at a young age. Janie has gone through life looking for a perfect love but nothing went her way. Janie was a loser in love but she was definitely a winner in life. Janie’s first marriage was with Logan Killicks. He is a white man who owned a 60 acres farm. Janie’s grandma married her off at a young age because she wanted Janie to be protected. â€Å"Tain’t Logan Killicks ah want you to have, baby, its protection. Ah ain’t gittin’ ole, honey. Ah’m done ole†¦ and mah head is ole and tilted towards de grave. Neither can you stand alone by yo’self† (Hurston). Janie’s ma rriage with Logan was an unhappy one. â€Å"Cause you told me Ah mus gointer love him, and, and Ah don’t. Maybe if somebody was to tell me how, Ah could do it.† (Hurston). She thought that she could learn to love her husband just as long as someone can tell her how. Logan was a very demanding husband who expected Janie to help him around the house and still tend to many things that he felt were â€Å"women’s chores† like being in the kitchen. Eventually, Janie got tired of Logan’s demands and ran off with Joe Starks. Joe Starks was a charming man who was travelling to Florida to fulfill his big dreams.Show MoreRelatedJanies Loves Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesZora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, she sets the protagonist, Janie Mae Crawford as a woman who wants to find true love and who is struggling to find her identity. To find her identity and true love it takes her three marriages to go through. While being married to three different men who each have different philosophies, Janie comes to understand that she is developed into a strong woman. Hurston makes each idea through each manâ€℠¢s view of Janie, and their relationship with theRead MoreQuest For Love : Their Eyes Were Watching God1302 Words   |  6 Pages Quest for Love Their Eyes Were Watching God is commonly praised and likewise studied for author Zora Neale Hurston s distinct and masterful writing that resulted in a beautiful quest for spiritual identity, soul-searching fulfilment and unconditional love pursued by the complex, strong and amorously passionate heroine Janie Mae Crawford. As readers are immersed in the Southern black rural world made vivid by Hurston s engaging dialect, it is apparent that the theme ofRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neale Hurston describes the life of Janie Mae Crawford, a mixed black and white woman living in the South during the early 1900’s. Due to her mixed heritage and her gender, Janie struggles to find her place in society, but she becomes determined to find true love. Throughout the novel, Janie develops relationships, both healthy and toxic, that lead her to achieving her ultimate goal of true love. Hurston uses Jamie’s quest for true love to enlightenRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie Mae Crawford, the Protagonist, is involved in three diverse relationships. Zora Neale Hurston, the author, explains how Janie grows into young woman through marriage, integrity, and love and happiness from her relationships with Logan Killicks, Joe Starks, and Tea Cake. Janie saw her life like a leaf in prodigious tree with things suffered, things enjoyed, and things done and undone. When Janie was a teenager, she used to contemplate under the pear tree andRead More The Role of Women in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Essay3614 Words   |  15 Pagesconsequences of the absence of a moderating female principle in his fictions; 3) Achebes progressively changing attitude towards women s roles; and 4) feminist prospects for African women. In the context of this study, the Igbo people whom Achebe describes will represent the rest of Nigeria -- and a great many of the nations of Africa. Sociocultural Background Were Nigeria and Africa oppressively masculinist? The answer is, Yes. Ghana was known to have some matrilineal societies, such as the Akans;

Securitization Impair Bank Lending Relationship

Question: Discuss about the Securitization Impair Bank Lending Relationship. Answer: Introduction: It has been reported by abc news on 2nd mach 2017 that ASIC is set to conduct home loan investigation not only into the operations of Westpac but also 11 other banks who have allegedly provided loans to individuals who do not have the capacity to repay them. It has been provided by Michael Saadat the senior executive of Australian Securities and Investment Commissions they had already set up the inquiry since the last two years (ABC News, 2017). The Australian watch dog over the conduct of corporations stated that they have initiated actions against Westpac but are also in process of extending their actions over 11 more lenders over Australia associated with breach of their duties. The AISC main intention behind the course of action is to ensure that they are able to minimize risks for the shareholders and consumers in the financial market. The AISC seeks promt action towards their assessment as it does not want the problem to manifest itself in the future. AISC also seeks to set an example for other public financial institutions so that they change their policies towards strict ethical and legal compliance. According to the AISC chairman the main issue before them is not the conduct of Westpac or the other institution but it is to deter them and other from doing such actions in the future. AISC has also provided that anyone who breaches the lending provisions would be subjected to a minimum penalty of $ 1.7 for each contravention. AISC has already initiated a federal court action against Westpac who have been alleged to have made seven breaches of law. Westpac have changed its approach towards providing loans following the actions of AISC. The main legal issue which has been identified in the media article are in relation to the duties of directors. The corporation act through its Section 180-184 provides the responsibilities which the directors of company have towards the organization. The directors have a duty to work in the best interest of the company and to use their best skills and diligence towards the operations of the company (Keay, 2014). In case the management of the lending institutions fail to provide their skill and diligence towards the lending system and the loans are subjected to the risk of becoming bad debts than the corporation would incur losses. The directors have a fiduciary duty towards the corporation to act in its best interest and actions which would lead to loss are a clear breach of the duty (Gerner-Beuerle, Paech Schuster, 2013). In the case of The Bell Group Ltd (in liq) v Westpac Banking Corporation [No 9] (2008) 39 WAR 1 the court ruled the board of directors are accountable for all their actions towards the operation of the organization and they must ensure that their actions are towards its best interest as the faith of the stakeholders are bestowed in them. The stakeholders of the organization invest their money in the company and leave the day to day functions of the company in the hands of the directors. The shareholders therefore place their trust in the board of directors and expect them to work towards the best interest of the company. Therefore the duty to work in good faith and towards the best interest is not only an ethical duty but has been incorporated in the corporation act as a legal obligation to safeguard the interest of the shareholders (David Ausserladscheider, 2016). In the case of Maronis Holdings Ltd v Nippon Credit Australia Pty Ltd (2001) 38 ACSR 404 it was provided by the court that the directors of the company owe a duty of fiduciary loyalty towards the operations of the organization. In the present scenario Westpac and the other financial institution have set standard criteria to assess the repayment capability of the consumers without analyzing their extra expenditure and way of living. This criterion is evidently against the duty to act in best interest as it would only lead to financial as well as reputational loss. The National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009 chapter 3 deals with the lending obligations of a credit licensee under the Act. According to the Act the licensee is not allowed to enter into credit contracts with consumers which are not suitable for the consumers. It is the duty of the credit licensee to decide how they are going to deal with the leading obligations but they must ensure legal compliance. According to RG 209 it is the duty of the licensee to make accurate inquiry about the financial position of the consumer to payback the loans, verify the results of the inquiry made in relation to the financial situation and finally make assessment about the contract which would not be suitable for them. It is also an additional duty of the licensee to provide the final or preliminary assessment to the consumers if it has been requested by them (Lin, Liu Wang, 2017). However thorough the findings of ASIC it has been provided that Westpac has been involved in proving a fixed assessment for its consumers which is not sufficient to identify the financial situation of the diversified consumer group. The issue which has been pointed out to the article is not only harmful for the corporations and its shareholders but also to the consumers who avail loans through the financial institution. the corporations face the risk of incurring losses whereas the consumer face the risk of suffering difficulties for non-payment of the loans. In order to ensure that the financial institutions are more dedicated and strict towards their lending obligations an example has to be set before the industry which make the management think twice before the obligations are breached. In addition the provisions in relation to the lending obligations provide powers to the bank to frame their own criteria for assessment of the consumers. This is one of the major short comings of the provisions as the leniency and power induces the management not to be strict towards their lending obligations. The provisions have to be framed in such a way that each consumer is assessed according to the circumstances. The issu e can also be addressed by increasing the amount and frequency of financial penalties in relation to the breach of lending obligations and directors duties. References ABC News. (2017). ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/ [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017]. David, B., Ausserladscheider, J. L. (2016). Proportionality, Fundamental Rights and the Duties of Directors. Gerner-Beuerle, C., Paech, P., Schuster, E. P. (2013). Study on directors duties and liability. Keay, A. R. (2014).Directors' duties. Lin, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Y. (2017). Does Securitization Impair Bank Lending Relationship?. Maronis Holdings Ltd v Nippon Credit Australia Pty Ltd (2001) 38 ACSR 404 Quinn, J. (2013). Companies Bill 2012-Directors' Fiduciary Duties.Irish Bus. L. Rev.,1, 57. The Bell Group Ltd (in liq) v Westpac Banking Corporation [No 9] (2008) 39 WAR 1